Merchant account and card payment fee comparison service Merchant Machine have carried out a study to look at the extent of these economic changes to find its true value in the world we live in. The research uncovers the impact cashlessness has had on specific industries, personal spending and how much different countries have adopted the payment method. Some of the key findings are outlined below:

Cashless Countries

Revenue from cashless payments has become hugely significant for a number of nations across Europe, but who is yielding the most in recent years? Below are the EU countries with the highest revenue from card payments.

• Power of the Pound - With an astounding €106.7 trillion revenue in 2017, the United Kingdom are far and away the leading nation for cashless payments across Europe.
• Revenue Generating Germany - Ranking 2nd in our study of cashless revenue is Germany with €55.8 trillion last year alone.
• Frivolous France - Another nation proving themselves to be tech-savvy and spend-happy are the French, who gathered a €27.2 trillion in cashless payments last year.

Big in the Industry

Contactless forms of payment have created a new level of convenience for people around the world, and this has provided a real boost for certain industries. Below are some of the biggest winners:

• Cashless Clothing - Last year, the use of contactless payments to purchase clothing skyrocketed a huge 321% from the year before, topping all other key business types.
• Parking Payments - The inconvenience of having to pay for parking has been improved somewhat by the ease of payment, with 132% more transactions last year than previous.
• Public Transport Perks - Another business reaping the benefits of technology is public transport, where 91% of all payments are contactless.

Home and Away

In years gone by, using a card on foreign shores would be a frightening prospect for many, but in 2018, it appears that is no longer the case. Our study has traced the value of cashless payments back to 2006, and show how people have started to adopt card payments abroad and on home soil.

• Global Spenders - In 2006, the revenue from international cashless transactions was estimated at around £4.9 billion, and has increased eightfold and now sits at £40.4 billion
• Card Happy - The average monthly spend on card for individuals was £422 last year, a 78% increase from 2006.
• Foreign Transactions - Until 2011, the average international monthly spend on card was under £10, but now stands at £34

Ian Wright from Merchant Machine stated that: “The popularity and preference towards cashless payments appears evergrowing. While so many are aware of the decline of cash usage and increase in card transactions, but this study helps to break down where these changes are most felt.”

(Source: Merchant Machine)

As a result, they have expect payments to be easy, convenient, flexible, secure – in some cases they even want to be rewarded for making transactions. Below, Abhijit Deb, Head of Banking & Financial Services, UK & Ireland, at Cognizant, explains the ins and outs of card payments and the threats this payment method currently faces.

Customers will not stay loyal to their card providers if the service no longer meets their needs or expectations. As a result, we are entering an age where payment industry providers either have to be the source of transformation or face disruption from competitors challenging their market share. To avoid the latter, card providers should continue to innovate, creating new capabilities and features to bring greater security, added-value services, collaboration and convenience for their clients.

The future credit card

The shift in the payments landscape over the past few years has brought a substantial evolution in the role of payment cards. This transformation has not only impacted the types of cards that companies are launching – for example, Gemalto has developed fingerprint recognition credit cards  – but has also affected card providers’ strategies and aspirations.

But how long will we keep physical cards in our wallet? Will the move to cashless lead us to ultimately become wallet-less?

Payment networks like Visa, MasterCard, Discover and American Express have built a massive infrastructure, also known as ‘payment rails’, for processing transactions globally. As purchasing trends shift online, credit and debit cards are increasingly being used more for their ‘rails’ than for the traditional plastic card we use in-stores. Thus, the battleground for card providers is how to remain the default payment option across every channel, keeping them in the top spot in a spender’s digital wallet.

Apart from the obvious revenue advantages associated with being a preferred payment choice, such as interchange fees and interest charges, card providers with ‘top of the wallet’ status also have access to a rich pool of information. By harnessing data, card companies can provide an innovative and hyper-personalised customer experience to differentiate themselves or create a new stream of revenue, as seen with companies such as Google recently purchasing Mastercard credit card data to track users’ spending.

Evolving competitor landscape

With the incursion of the concept of ‘digital cards’, card issuers and their corresponding business model are under threat, no matter what position they hold in the rank.

With the incursion of the concept of ‘digital cards’, card issuers and their corresponding business model are under threat, no matter what position they hold in the rank.

Card providers have access to increasing amounts of payment and account information, and more assertive competitors are moving quickly to commercialise the opportunities. Online players, like PayPal and Square, are already poised to take a bigger industry lead over traditional credit card issuers thanks to their established online presence.

And, as their dominance grows, we are likely to see other digital players enter the payments space. Amazon, for example, is well known for having a business plan for every industry – and it is likely payments will not be any different. Having just launched a small loans service to SMEs, it is not hard to extend the logic to where Amazon is your bank and runs your entire network by Amazon “rails”. And the same could easily be said for Apple.

We may also see social media players get involved, coupling their user data with account information to provide quick credit checks or banking services.

So, what does this mean for traditional card providers?

Firstly, it is clear that marketing strategy can no longer be centred around a piece of plastic. Marketers must challenge themselves to think about how they can propagate brand loyalty and acquire customers in this changing market. At the moment, a vast amount of customer acquisition is achieved by cross-selling to other customers with partnerships. For example, the British Airways / American Express credit card enables consumers to collect Avios points on their day-to-day transactions.

Firstly, it is clear that marketing strategy can no longer be centred around a piece of plastic.

And how do they compete on the digital landscape? Many providers are racing to position themselves as the customer’s ‘digital front door’ to take advantage of additional account information. Card providers need to act fast to stay relevant.

In the short to mid-term, credit card providers must focus on trust. Currently, thanks to consumer banking regulations, clients have the peace of mind that if a card gets stolen, they are protected. For the time being, Apple Pay and other providers are not offering the same assurances to customers yet. However, when mobile payments start offering the same guarantees, what can card providers do to stop people switching?

In the long term, card players must ensure that they do not find themselves consigned to the role of the faceless underwriter. Card providers need to think about their role in the entire financial services ecosystem and create new, innovative services that respond to customers’ needs. Many forward-looking players are looking to launch offerings such as 360-degree views and financial management advice services.

In the long term, card players must ensure that they do not find themselves consigned to the role of the faceless underwriter.

By combining machine intelligence with data, other providers are already exploring how technology can create new customer and colleague experiences that are simple, fast, transparent and engaging. For example, American Express’ personal travel assistant app, Mezi, uses AI to help cardholders pay for vacations and business trips based on their preferences. Similarly, Bank of America’s virtual AI assistant Erica is helping clients with effective money management.

Only by creating these value-added services that respond to specific consumer needs can card providers avoid complete industry disruption and stay relevant.

Here Stan Swearingen, CEO of IDEX Biometrics, discusses the potential trends for 2019’s biometrics sector.

Following a number of successful trials using fingerprint sensor technology within smart cards across multiple markets, (including Bulgaria, the US, Mexico, Cyprus, Japan, the Middle East and South Africa) the biometric smart card is reaching its inflection point. Key players within the banking industry, including Visa and Mastercard, are already heavily invested in this new payment technology and anticipate that biometrics will play a key role in the revolution of the payments industry.

With mass market rollout on the horizon, here are five key predictions for the biometric payment industry in 2019.

2019: The year of dual interface

The first half of 2017 reported 937,518 cases of financial fraud, resulting in losses of an astonishing £366.4 million^[1], a clear demonstration that the PIN is no longer fit for purpose. Recent research from IDEX Biometrics supports this claim and found that 29% of consumers surveyed felt concerned about the use of PINs to keep their money secure, and as many as 70% believed that contactless payment cards left them exposed to theft and fraud. As consumer concerns continue to grow around the security of payments, so too does the need for a personalised, secure and convenient payment solution.

Enter the biometric dual interface payment card. 2019 will see biometric fingerprint sensors integrated into cards with both a micro-processor and contactless interface, removing the need for PINs. This will provide consumers with the reassurance that their money is safe as any transactions will require their finger print to authenticate it. 2019 will be the year of the dual interface where biometric authentication will be available for both contact and contactless payments!

These advances in technology and those within the payments market have meant that the concept of biometric authenticated payments is no longer a novelty. In fact, according to forecasts by Goode Intelligence, nearly 579 million biometric payment cards will be used globally by 2023^[2]. The integration of the biometric sensors in the payment card will be one of the next-generation transformative innovations to breathe new life into the payment industry next year and assist in the fight against payment fraud.

The integration of the biometric sensors in the payment card will be one of the next-generation transformative innovations to breathe new life into the payment industry next year and assist in the fight against payment fraud.

Remote enrolment will be the key to mass market adoption

For mass market deployment of biometric smart payment cards to be possible in 2019, banking infrastructures must look at the implementation of biometric technology and ensure that this method of enrolment is accessible and convenient to all. The elderly or those with physical health limitations may struggle leaving the house to enrol within bank branches and even those who work a 9-5 day can often find making it to the bank within opening hours a challenge.

The latest advancements in remote enrolment of biometric payment cards will mean that enrolment for biometric payment cards can take place in the comfort of your own home. Card users will be able to enrol straight onto the card by simply placing their finger on the sensor (with the aid of a small device that comes with the card) to upload their print to the card’s highly secure EMV chip. There is no need for an external computer, smartphone or internet connection. Once loaded, the fingerprint never leaves the card, thus eliminating multiple attack points.

Biometric payments will bridge the gap to financial inclusion

In 2019 advances in biometric fingerprint authentication will be a vital ingredient when bridging the gap to financial inclusion. Currently, 1.7 billion adults remain unbanked across the globe today^[3]. This is for many reasons, from immigration issues, to illiteracy as well as mental health. Those living with dementia are also at risk of losing their financial independence as their short-term memories decline. A fingerprint sensor on the card can take the place of a PIN or even signature, meaning sufferers are able to stay financially independent for longer.

Currently those who lack access to financial services are missing out on the many benefits financial inclusion has to offer. Fingerprint authentication will remove the barriers that face those with literacy challenges, or face difficulty with memory, as card payments will no longer be about what you know, or what you can remember, but who you are.

Currently those who lack access to financial services are missing out on the many benefits financial inclusion has to offer.

Biometric authentication will be a simple, secure and convenient solution eradicating the need for passwords and PINs as a form of authentication. For this to work as a solution to financial inclusion, banking infrastructures and card manufacturers must work together to reach a price point that enables this technology to be available to all.

The possibilities for biometrics are endless…

While biometric authentication technology is already being used with smartphones and passport identification in the UK, 2019 and beyond will see endless possibilities for the use of biometric smart cards into payments and beyond. We can even expect to see biometrics branch into the Government issued identification and IoT enabled devices arenas.

In fact, a whole host of public services is set to benefit from this secure means of authentication. The use of biometric smart cards within the NHS, for example, could see access to sensitive patient records limited only to the patient themselves. Biometric social benefits cards could control how the money is spent and that it is spent by the right person. According to IDEX research, 38% of consumers surveyed would like to see biometric methods of authentication introduced to wider government identification including driving licenses, National Insurance numbers and even passports.

The future of the biometrics – 2019 and beyond!

In 2019, authentication will get even smarter, and further technological advances such as multi-modal or multi-factor authentication will further enhance security within the payments landscape. This refers to technology that combines a variety of different types of biometrics in order to add an additional layer of security, including persistent authentication. For example, instead of having one single authentication, smartphones could continuously scan features to ensure the correct person is using the device.

Whilst the biometric dual interface smart payment card is set to hit the mass market next year – this is just the beginning. The payment card of tomorrow will go beyond just transactions. Biometric smart cards will serve multiple purposes – a payment card, a form of ID for restricted goods and even a loyalty card!

The early days of biometrics where it was felt to be invasive and a privacy concern are long gone. In fact, according to recent research from IDEX, 56% of consumers surveyed state they would trust the use of their fingerprint to authenticate payments more than the traditional PIN. Further to this, 52% would feel more confident if their fingerprint biometric data was stored on their payment card, rather than a bank’s central database.

Consumers are ready for the use of biometric fingerprint methods of authentication for card payments and 66% expect their roll out to authenticate in-store transactions in 2019. We predict that by 2019 biometric smart payment card adoption will go into many millions!

[1] https://www.financialfraudaction.org.uk/news/2017/09/28/latest-industry-data-shows-fall-in-financial-fraud/

[3] https://globalfindex.worldbank.org/

Below Finance Monthly hears from Ronnie D’Arienzo, Chief Sales Officer at PPRO Group, on his top tech predictions in payments for 2019.

1. The Mobile Take Over 

Generation Z (those born between 1996 and 2010) are arguably having the biggest influence on societal trends today. For instance, most of those classed as Generation Y can remember the days of dial-up internet and landlines, as the World Wide Web wasn’t invented until 1990. This generation was born and lived at least a few years of their lives outside of the always-on, constantly connected, mobile-driven world that we know today. However, Generation Z has been born into the era of the internet and mobile devices, and don’t know life any other way.

The oldest of this generation has now begun to enter employment and has the spending power which means their demands have quickly driven societal expectations with regards to how mobile technology should be recognised at virtually every consumer touch point – particularly within the retail and banking sectors. In fact, within the next four years, Gen Z will account for 40 percent of all consumers, and their expectations for fast, seamless and secure retail and banking experiences will be higher than ever.

Without a doubt, having a mobile first solution will be even more critical in 2019 should both the physical and online retailers and banking institutions want to survive on the torturous British highstreets. WompMobile, in collaboration with Google, analysed their eCommerce clients and found that those which used Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) increased conversion rates by 105%, decreased bounce rates by 31% and increased click-through rate from search engines by 29%[1].

2. Rise of Alternative Payment Methods (APMs)

Visa and Mastercard account for only 23% of global eCommerce today; by 2021 that number will be as low as 15%[2]. This is driven by merchants realising that in order to reach a broader global consumer market, they need to offer the payment method of their customers’ choice. Unlike the US and the UK, for example, where a strong and established card acquiring model exists, many markets prefer ‘alternative methods of payment’ (often this is culturally driven).

Card centric cultures, such as the UK, that heavily depends on debit and credit payment cards, seeing alternative payment methods enter the market, such as PaybyBank app, Venom and Klarna etc. It is also worth noting that in China UnionPay (local credit card) recently overtook Visa as the world’s largest form of card payments by transaction value and number of users. Even ApplePay is entering into the non-debt, cash based German market.

The list is almost endless as there are approximately 350 relevant APMs worldwide, but it is key that the merchant chooses only what is needed for them and ensures checkout pages are relevant and not cluttered. 2018 has seen many Payment Service Providers (PSPs) and Acquiring Banks recognise this and begin to add APMs to their portfolio for merchants. However, if merchants don’t address cultural payment differences with the help of their PSPs, 2019 will see them miss out more than ever. Consumers don’t take any hostages and if you can’t give them what they want, they will quickly go to a competitor who can.

3. Trend towards omni-channel shopping

There is much hype over brick-and-mortar stores becoming a thing of the past. However, with consumers craving something tangible, I predict that in 2019 we will see the online shopping phenomenon begin to penetrate physical stores.

For some consumers, nothing e-commerce has to offer can quite measure up to the physical in-store experience. High street outlets are also recognising that creating a social and omni-channel experience is key to bringing footfall back.

In fact, leading global retailers like Amazon and Alibaba are now experimenting with the newly revived power of hands-on shopping. For example, Amazon recently opened a store in New York offering a range of bestselling items and additional items that were chosen to directly reflect consumer buying behaviours in the region. The concept store is set to turn traditional shopping on its head by replicating the virtual within the physical. Copying the structure of the Amazon website, the store has products organised by headings already known to online shoppers such as "Trending Around NYC", "Frequently Bought Together" and "Amazon Exclusives."

Alibaba Group also seems to believe in the renaissance of physical stores, as it recently debuted its first ‘Fashion AI’ concept boutique in Hong Kong. The store displays a selection of Guess apparel with the help of a "smart mirror" that shows product information on a special screen while shoppers are examining the items. The smart mirror points to where the garments in question can be found, utilising another way to bring the digital shopping experience inside physical stores using digital signage.

While digital kiosks aren't unknown to brick-and-mortar retail, in 2019 digital signage, will begin to offer additional interactivity, increased engagement, and a seamless omnichannel experience for consumers. For example, just one of the many benefits will mean customers will be able to use the interactive screens to order goods in-store to be delivered direct to their front door. Shoppers will be able to enjoy product visualisation that was once perhaps only available online via digital installations in physical environments, where experience will become a central point to the store of the future. Besides offering improved product visualisation, digital signage will also allow customers to browse goods that are not available in stores and select direct home delivery. All of this will be made possible with the introduction of omni-channel payment methods, such as Alipay and increasingly PayPal, that can be used online and instore with the same account, also acting as loyalty cards, to make payments easier than ever.  Just about any shopping scenario will be possible.

4. Mergers & Acquisitions

The digital payment and transaction processing segment accounts for 40% of the fintech sector’s top deals in 2018. For example, PayPal’s $2.2 billion all-cash acquisition of Stockholm-based payments provider iZettle and Worldline, agreed to buy the payments unit of Swiss stock market operator, SIX Group, for $2.75 billion.

As for online and electronic payments processing, whilst the transactions were predominantly focused in the U.S market, the largest of these deals was the $442 million sale of First Data’s card processing business in seven European countries to its Italian rival SIA. Other prominent acquirers in 1H2018 include payments processing company, Paysafe Group, which was itself taken over by buyout firms, Blackstone and CVC capital Partners in 2017.

The implementation of Europe’s PSD2, is likely to be a major game changer for the M&A landscape as it will force banks to collaborate and innovate with Fintech providers, as well as encourage pan-European competition and participation in the payments industry, including non-banks. As a result, it is likely to encourage a high-volume of bank and Fintech M&As early next year. Those new to the market will therefore find a more level playing field with harmonised consumer protection and rights, which will encourage new entrants to the financial services market and fuel further M&A deal growth and valuations.

[1] https://www.ampproject.org/case-studies/wompmobile/

[2] 2018 PPRO Group Payment Almanac, Source: Edgar, Dunn and Company

The study, which looks at cash and cashless technology usage in four markets—the UK, Australia, Brazil, and South Africa—shows that a cashless society may not be a realistic ambition. In fact, the survey revealed an “immovable” 24% of consumers who will never abandon cash—no matter what technological advance or leap forward is available to them.

In Brazil and South Africa, where cash use is more common, there is a strong desire for wider acceptance of cashless technologies such as payment cards and digital wallets. In both markets, 60% say that they are worried about having cash stolen from them which suggests fear of theft is a key driver rather than convenience.

In the UK and Australia, however, where the use of cashless technologies is more widespread, people are happier with their use of cash. Around 80% of people in both markets say that they are comfortable using cash.

Respondents across all countries saw cash as part of their day-to-day lives. They carry cash at all times, replenishing their wallets and purses regularly at ATMs, and are unwilling to go that last extra mile and never use cash again.

The findings suggest that cashless technologies will not replace cash completely; instead people are happier with an equilibrium between the two.

“While the proliferation of cashless payment technologies has generally led to a reduction in cash usage across developed economies, banknotes have unique properties that consumers value, such as security against fraud,” said Michael Batley, Head of Strategy, Travelex. “As long as this is the case it’s unlikely that any attempts to abandon cash completely will succeed. Even Sweden’s bid to go cashless, touted as a successful model, has seen pushback. Ultimately, only consumer demand will drive the change towards a truly cashless society and our research indicates this is further away than many realise.”

As well as revealing a lack of appetite for a cashless society, the study also reveals that opinion is split on whether it is even possible. The UK, the most ‘cashless’ country surveyed, represented the highest proportion (47%) of respondents that do not see an end to cash, closely followed by Australia (42%).

Travelex commissioned Sapio Research to survey 1,000 consumers regarding their attitudes to cash and cashless technology across four markets: the UK, Australia, Brazil and South Africa. These four countries are at different points in the “journey towards cashlessness”, as defined by Mastercard’s Measuring progress toward a cashless society report, and together give a representative overview.

(Source: Travelex)

In Africa, the want for cryptocurrency is growing, and according to Iggi Vargas at Paxful, this could affect the wider markets.

The interest in bitcoin has continued to grow at a rapid pace. Exchanges are reporting that a lot of Africans, especially millennials, are taking over the platforms.

The “Cheetah generation”

The term “Cheetah generation” was coined by Ghanaian economist and author George Ayittey. It refers to the young and hungry generation of African graduates and professionals. This is the generation that is trying to change the status quo for the better.

“The Cheetahs do not look for excuses for government failure by wailing over the legacies of the slave trade, Western colonialism, imperialism, the World Bank or an unjust international economic system… To the Cheetahs, this ‘colonialism-imperialism” paradigm, in which every African problem is analyzed, is obsolete and kaput. Unencumbered by the old shibboleths, Cheetahs can analyze issues with remarkable clarity and objectivity.” (Ayittey, 2010)

The Cheetahs offer the people of Africa a new way of thinking. Ayittey says that their outlooks and perspectives are “refreshingly different” from past African leaders, intellectuals, and/or elites.

Ayittey compares them to what he calls the “Hippo generation”. This refers to the generation before the Cheetahs.

“ [The Hippo generation] lacks vision - hippos are near-sighted - and sit tight in their air-conditioned government offices, comfortable in their belief that the state can solve all of Africa’s problems.” (Ayittey, 2010)

According to Ayittey, the Hippos are the ones that “are lazily stuck complaining about colonialism, yet not doing anything to change the status quo.”

With that being said, how does the Cheetah generation translate to the Africans’ new-found passion for crypto?

Hunger for crypto

When it comes to cryptocurrency, Africa is a shining star. This is because of one major factor: peer-to-peer finance. Africans have joined the peer-to-peer revolution. It is doing wonders not only for their economy but also their culture. The Cheetahs seem to be embracing this as a good number of African millennials have been joining peer-to-peer marketplaces. This is important for many reasons.

First, it shows that peer-to-peer platforms have an amazing reach. Africa does not have, by any means, cutting-edge technology but they find a way to make a living off of cryptocurrency. Being able to send money around the world without the bank’s high fees are a big deal. Whether it be to a sibling halfway around the world or to your neighbor, being able to send money anywhere is an advantage for Africans.

Second, it shows that peer-to-peer platforms are easy to use. Many non-users will find bitcoin intimidating at first and give up on learning. This shows not only that everyone can use peer-to-peer platforms, but also that it's easy to learn if you’re willing.

Third, it shows that the underbanked aren’t a lost cause. With Africa being so underbanked, bitcoin serves multiple purposes for them. It serves as both a way to hold your money and a way to send out money.

Fourth, it shows that everyone has the power to take control of their own finances. Some Africans actually make a living by trading cryptocurrency, and you can too.

Lastly, it shows that a revolution is in the works; a peer-to-peer revolution. The benefits of peer-to-peer exchanges are being seen all over Africa. The idea of fast transactions and innovation flawlessly aligns with the Cheetah Generation. Clearly cryptocurrency and peer-to-peer finance are the right tools for the new generation of Africans to get ahead and prosper. But it doesn’t just have to be Africa. All over the world, peer-to-peer platforms are showing significant amounts of growth. They are also becoming a popular method to buy bitcoin.

The time is now

It seems like we can learn a lot from the Cheetah generation, including how to make money with bitcoin. If they can have the right set of mind, the world can follow suit. The drive of these young prodigies is something to look up to. They have the attitude that can conquer and inspire the world. Taking control over your own finances is a big deal, and it seems the Cheetahs have figured it out. The peer-to-peer revolution is here and it’s time to get in on it.

Below, Rune Sørensen, at Nets, explores with Finance Monthly the impact that sophisticated card infrastructure can have on mobile-led banking.

All this innovation is pushing and pulling card infrastructures in ways no-one could have predicted a decade ago. Mobile banking, ecommerce integration, loyalty and rewards schemes and even IoT payments all link to cards. That’s a lot to ask of a back-end system.

So the question is: how can issuers balance a need to be perceived as innovative with providing a reliable, compliant and fit-for-purpose payment infrastructure?

Payment revenue is falling, so issuer’s profit margins are being squeezed. Technological change is advancing faster than internal systems can be updated, and the demand for developers with the skills to design and implement back-end solutions is growing faster than supply. As a result, the most forward-thinking banks are taking a critical look at their go-to-market strategies, and questioning if a business model where they design, implement and maintain their own systems is still feasible.

Technological change is advancing faster than internal systems can be updated, and the demand for developers with the skills to design and implement back-end solutions is growing faster than supply.

Take payment gateways as an example. Banks need a payment gateway to the card schemes as they are the backbone of broad e-commerce payment acceptance for their customers, thereby enabling banks to benefit from the international e-commerce market - set to grow to $4.5 trillion by 2021[1]. To avoid locking themselves in with a single scheme, these gateways must also be card scheme agnostic. Issuers now have the choice of whether to develop and maintain these gateways themselves, or to prioritise reliability and time to market by working in collaboration with a trusted partner.

The debate around outsourcing infrastructure has been simmering under the surface for the last few years, and was brought into focus by the Second Payment Services Directive (PSD2). Open banking is bringing huge opportunities to banks because the importance of national borders in the provision of financial services is diminishing. This opens up the market and benefits consumers, and enables banks to target whole new countries of potential customers. However, these opportunities come hand in hand with two significant challenges.

Open banking is bringing huge opportunities to banks because the importance of national borders in the provision of financial services is diminishing.

First, banks must ensure that their payments infrastructure is compliant not only with EU and their own national regulations, but the domestic regulations of any other international markets they intend to enter, as well as the complex and constantly evolving requirements of the card schemes. Card scheme compliance alone is a great responsibility, demanding increasingly more resources as the service portfolio diversifies and becomes more complex, predominantly driven by mobile payment enablement. This is an enormous undertaking – and one difficult to justify when there are dedicated providers of back-end systems offering full compliance for less than it would cost a bank to create and maintain it themselves.

Second, scalability is key. In the increasingly globalised world of financial services, exciting new products must be made available to all customers at the same time, without any of the downtime associated with launching new products and systems. Stability and security are fundamental to banks; innovation alone means nothing.

It’s clear that, in an era where banking and financial services are evolving faster than ever before, banks need to put their money where it counts. A flexible and reliable card infrastructure will be crucial to a successful transition as more and more financial services move to being predominantly mobile – and in the future, maybe even mobile-only.

Although most consumer-facing financial institutions now offer mobile applications, that doesn’t mean that they are ready for a world where smartphones are the primary point of contact with their customers. This is a new reality, and as the industry changes issuers must evolve too. Those that survive and thrive will be the banks that focus on their delivered customer journey and value-adding core business areas – and it’s time to ask if this really includes developing and maintaining back-end systems.

So, put your cards on the table. Is your infrastructure up to the challenge?

[1] https://www.shopify.com/enterprise/global-ecommerce-statistics

These challenges have been widely overlooked to date and businesses have been left to cope with these cashflow difficulties themselves, with minimal support made available from banks or other financial services. Zoe Newman, Head of Partnerships at Capital on Tap, explains below.

Fintech enterprises have begun to recognise the need for a solution here and are helping to innovate trade credit through new partnerships and co-branded trade card products. This innovative and automated trade credit solution enables wholesalers to better support their customers by issuing them with co-branded trade cards which provide instant credit with which to fund business purchases.

For many independent retailers, short-term cash flow issues are a familiar experience which will have had a significant impact on their business and impeded their ability to buy goods. Typically for independent retailers or restaurants, this experience often involves a cycle of not being paid by clients and customers and, as such, not being able to afford to purchase goods from wholesalers. Often, when looking for an alternative solution, many will turn to short-term loans, the majority of which have high-interest rates which make them unsustainable economic solutions, with the perils outweighing any perceived benefits. Needless to say, this cycle is detrimental not only to these retailers but also to the independent wholesalers who are reliant on them for business.

For many independent retailers, short-term cash flow issues are a familiar experience which will have had a significant impact on their business and impeded their ability to buy goods.

However, the new partnerships between fintechs and wholesalers are providing a much-needed solution to this problem and offering SMEs access to trade credit for business purchases without the strings of many short-term alternatives. The co-branded cards also give customers a sense of security should they come into any unforeseen costs and doesn’t restrict them to only spending with the wholesale partner.

By partnering with a fintech finance specialist, wholesalers are able to help SMEs access funding which will allow them to grow their organisation and take advantage of business opportunities, while also encouraging more sales with them. This scheme is a far cry from many bank-issued credit cards or short-term loans, as not only does this give their customers more freedom and flexibility, but it also removes some of the costs and burdens associated with the high-interest short-term loans that many will have had to resort to previously.

Through these partnerships, wholesalers are also set to benefit. This is in part due to it increasing their customers’ spending potential with them. Additionally, thanks to the branded nature of the cards issued, customers are reminded of the wholesaler every time they take out their wallet or use the card, providing valuable exposure for the brands.

Ultimately, these partnerships are a welcome development for many SMEs who are finding that banks are not providing sustainable or suitable funding options for their businesses. For many of these businesses, the sums and terms on offer to them do not fit their needs and meeting the strict repayment fees can be difficult due to the peaks and troughs in their trading periods. In addition, it can take several weeks for these businesses to be approved bank-backed funding, while many fintech partnerships guarantee a decision and access to funds within hours or days. It is the hope that this will remove the reliance some businesses have on short-term loans, which have historically allowed instant credit but with high-risk terms and extreme interest rates. As such, many SMEs will see the advent of partnerships between fintechs and independent wholesalers as offering a much-needed solution to these problems.

For many of these businesses, the sums and terms on offer to them do not fit their needs and meeting the strict repayment fees can be difficult due to the peaks and troughs in their trading periods.

At Capital on Tap, we have developed a number of relationships with independent businesses and wholesalers, such as JJ Food Services, to help these businesses overcome many of these issues. The partnerships between fintechs and independent wholesalers are enabling these businesses to inspire increased customer-loyalty and customer satisfaction by recognising a need in their customers and providing a viable solution. The initiative also means that these businesses are no longer just wholesalers, but they are also service providers - adding a new string to their bow.

Consumer trust in banks has plummeted in recent years. The 2008 financial crisis, as well as recent examples of bad practice such as TSB’s IT meltdown which compromised millions of accounts, has led to many consumers questioning whether their bank really has their best interests at heart. Indeed, RBS chief Ross McEwan recently predicted that it could take up to a decade to rebuild lost customer trust following decades of poor treatment.

In fact, as many as one in five customers (20%) no longer trust banks to provide them with a loan – ostensibly one of a bank’s primary functions.

Despite this mistrust, consumer appetite for credit remains high. We’re therefore seeing a rise in alternative lenders offering customers the flexibility and transparency customers desire - and which many traditional banks have conspicuously neglected – which could spell the end of the traditional banks’ role as leaders in the lending sector.

But how has the lending process evolved and what does this mean for traditional banks?

The rise of new consumer lending models

While consumers are willing to borrow outside of traditional banks in the wake of these institutions having cut back on unsecured lending, they will no longer trust a provider which does not operate transparently or ethically – as evidenced by the collapse of Wonga. This, combined with recent regulatory action from the FCA, has heralded a wave of change within the financial lending sector.

Following the lead of disruptive, digitally-focused providers such as Uber and AirBnB in other sectors, a number of fintech disruptors - such as Atom and Monzo - have materialised. These brands have analysed the day-to-day banking issues customers face – such as a lack of transparency and poor user experience (UX) - and designed their services from the ground up to mitigate these issues.

From taxi apps that invite you to register a payment mechanism, to autonomous vehicles that pay for their own parking or motorway tolls, “banking” without the need for a bank will gradually become a more everyday experience. In this vein, so too will consumer lending change through organisations that offer finance at the point of sale itself – both online and in-store - moving from traditional pre-purchase credit to a far more seamless service.

Flexible point-of-sale lending is changing the nature of financial transactions across a range of sectors, including how to fund a holiday, buy a house, and even pay for medical treatments at a rate which suits the customer. The potential of this lending method is huge, with more than three quarters (78%) of consumers saying they would consider using point-of-sale credit in the future.

What does this mean for traditional banks?

People seldom wake up in the morning thinking “I must do banking”. Banks don’t tend to inspire the levels of consumer loyalty seen in other sectors, and they must therefore work far harder to retain customers. Given this, the ongoing reticence of banks, to both lend and offer customers what they want, has created a gap in the finance market, which could be the death knell for traditional banks if left unchecked.

As frictionless point-of-sale lending businesses and customer-centric fintech brands continue to thrive, several key banking functions – such as money management and consumer lending - may be replaced entirely by newer, more agile providers. For example, could the fact that providers are now offering finance in the property sector put an end to the traditional mortgage?

If this growth of smaller, more agile disruptors continues, banks are highly likely to see reduced customer numbers. It was recently predicted that banks could lose almost half (45%) of their customers to alternative finance providers, and if banks do not adapt their offering there is a real danger they may be driven out of the market altogether.

Simply put, if banks do not place a greater focus on what customers want – flexibility and transparency – their status as the stalwarts of the lending market may soon be a thing of the past.

According to a recent report, late payments are costing SMEs in the UK a total of £2 billion every year, with the entire sum of the missed payments totalling £14 billion^[1]. Below Edwin Gabriëls, Consultant at Onguard, explains the intricacies of payments collection management, offering some tips for businesses.

With such a large amount owed to businesses, it would suggest that many organisations would benefit from improving their collection management strategy. Otherwise known as dunning, collection management is a vital process in credit control. It sees organisations follow set processes to chase for outstanding payments, making the chance of receiving payment more likely and given that 62% of invoices issued by UK SMEs in 2017 were paid late^[2], it’s important that businesses get dunning right.

A sub-standard dunning strategy can cause organisations to run into a number of challenges when trying to obtain a late payment, ranging from customers not responding to reminders and evading payment for long periods of time to ineffective systems requiring a great deal of data mining before the first step can even be taken. These factors often make collecting overdue payments a lengthy and difficult process. A poorly executed dunning strategy can be time-consuming, with UK SMEs estimated to spend 130 hours a year chasing outstanding invoices^[3], and can have a knock-on effect for the organisation as a whole, potentially damaging customer relations and inhibiting cash flow.

By creating an effective dunning strategy, which takes a structured approach to each stage of collection management, businesses are better placed to overcome these challenges.

By creating an effective dunning strategy, which takes a structured approach to each stage of collection management, businesses are better placed to overcome these challenges.The right strategy will enable credit control teams to determine factors such as how many times a customer is chased before legal proceedings are launched and what form of communication to take with the visible results of more efficient teams, reduced overdue payments and increased cash flow.

To develop the right dunning strategy for your organisation you should include the three stages and processes outlined below:

1. Structured Dunning

This stage should form the basis of every dunning strategy as the structured nature allows credit controllers to work to a predetermined framework to gain remuneration. For example, this could take the format of sending an initial reminder five days after an invoice becomes overdue. Then, if it remains unpaid, another reminder should be sent out at 15 days and a final reminder should be sent after 30 days. If payment still hasn’t been made after the three reminders, then legal action should be started. By following this process of chasing for payment, customers will come to the realisation that processes within your company are structured, meaning they can’t evade payment, leading to a reduction in overdue balances. Additionally, this format enables companies to pinpoint where issues occur during the process.

2. Dispute management and internal collaboration

Once structured dunning is in place, you can move on to implementing dispute management processes to look into issues customers have raised with invoices and processes. This stage requires some collaboration with other departments within your business to get to the heart of a customer’s problem and allow you to resolve the issue quickly as the sooner the dispute is resolved, the sooner you can get back to chasing for payment. By adding this step to your existing dunning strategy, you will see a reduction in overdue balances and an improvement in your cashflow as it doesn’t allow customer disputes to linger and for invoices to go unpaid for long periods of time.

3. External collaboration

Finally, by using the data you hold on the customer from both internal and external sources, you can determine how the customer wants to be addressed and the best ways in which to communicate. As customer engagement is becoming increasingly important, it is vital to use the tools at your disposal to create the correct communication at the right time. For example, if you have a long-lasting relationship with a customer it is crucial to address them in the right manner to avoid souring the relationship. This will help you avoid risks to cash flow and overdue balances posed by miscommunication.

For an effective strategy, businesses must first ensure they enforce structured dunning before integrating the other two elements as the strategy matures.

For human resources specialist t-groep, collaboration with other departments has become a key aspect of their dunning strategy. In fact, the entire company has access to the collection management solution as it is considered that those working closest to the customers have the best relationship with them. As such, these individuals are better placed to decide how to tackle the issue of outstanding invoices and find a way to ensure the amount is paid.

For an effective strategy, businesses must first ensure they enforce structured dunning before integrating the other two elements as the strategy matures. As a by-product of this three-tiered approach, the credit control department will gain a more centralised position within your organisation, rather than only becoming involved at the end of the relationship when an invoice is created, and payment is required.

With an established dunning process, it is possible to use information gained on customers’ payment habits and feed them into other processes within credit management, such as the order to cash chain. External data gathered through credit management can be used to determine whether customers are high or low risk, and decisions can be made as a result. For example, the knowledge that a customer regularly avoids making payments can inform decisions over whether to release an order to them. Additionally, this data can be used to segment customers into homogenous groups which can be used to determine aspects such as payment terms or discounts. This information could then be fed back into the dunning strategy to determine when chasing for payment begins.

It is important to remember that dunning certainly isn’t one-dimensional. In fact, with benefits including increasing cash flow, lowering overdue payments and improving customer relations, an entire organisation is likely to reap the rewards of an effective dunning strategy. It will also encourage credit controllers to be more focused on customer communication and address the disconnect between the way different departments communicate with customers. Although there isn’t a one-size-fits-all approach to dunning, by following this three-tiered framework, businesses will reduce the time spent on chasing customers for payment and achieve greater results.

[1] https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/late-payments-uk-business-cost-sme-2-billion-a-year-bacs-payment-customers-a7846781.html

[2] https://smallbusiness.co.uk/late-payments-trend-get-worse-uk-smes-2542060/

[3] https://www.siemens.com/content/dam/webassetpool/mam/tag-siemens-com/smdb/financing/brochures/united-kingdom/sfs-uk-late-payment-report.pdf

Chris Burniske, Placeholder Management partner, discusses the November downturn for crypto assets with Bloomberg's Joe Weisenthal, Caroline Hyde and Romaine Bostick on "Bloomberg Markets: What'd You Miss?"

Despite the hype, research by IDEX Biometrics has revealed that mobile payments are almost as unpopular as cheques. In fact, the payment card is still the number one payment method when it comes to in-store purchases for UK consumers. Three quarters (75%) of respondents stated that they use cards, including contactless, most often, compared to cash (21%), mobile payments (3%), and cheques (1%).

Unfortunately, there doesn’t seem to be a glimpse of hope for mobile payments on the horizon, with 72% stating they are concerned about the possibility of no longer having access to a physical debit card and needing to rely on mobile payments only.

It seems consumers’ personal attachment to the payment card is virtually unbreakable. Nearly two-thirds (65%) of respondents stated that carrying their debit cards provides a sense of security. It’s not surprising then that 75% say they always take a debit card with them when they leave the house. 65% of those questioned said that they wouldn’t give up their debit card in favour of mobile payments and a further 78% admit to feeling more secure using their debit card in comparison to mobile payments.

A further 60% also stated they would be worried people would have access to their accounts if they lost their mobile phone, amplifying the clear consumer distrust in mobile payments and their personal attachment to payment cards.

“It is evident that the UK public won’t be ditching payment cards in favour of mobile payments in the near, or even distant, future. Banks must face this and innovate with cards, which have stayed largely the same for decades,” comments Dave Orme, IDEX Biometrics SVP.

“With a resounding 53% of consumers stating they would trust the use of their fingerprint to authenticate payments more than the traditional PIN, this must be where the UK banking industry focuses its attention. Chip and PIN is now 12 years old, and has seen its course. It is time to elevate the traditional payment card and evolve authentication methods to make contactless transactions even more convenient and secure by adding seamless fingerprint biometric authentication”, added Orme.

(Source: IDEX Biometrics)